Sun avoidance and other sun-protective measures (e.g., clothing, hats, opaque sunscreens) are probably effective in reducing skin cancer and should be recommended. The American College of Preventive Medicine finds insufficient evidence to recommend for or against sunscreen use. Nonmelanoma skin cancers may be reduced with regular, daily sunscreen use. There is insufficient evidence that chemical sunscreens protect against MM and they may, in fact, increase risk.

The American College of Preventive Medicine does not believe the evidence supports discussion of sunscreen and sun protection with every patient. However, the College recommends that physicians remain informed on the issue and be able to discuss sun protection with patients who have questions or who are at particular risk (e.g., family history of melanoma, precursor lesions, or markedly increased sun exposure). For those at high risk, providers should caution against prolonged tanning and sunburn and encourage the use of protective clothing. Because of the importance of preventing sunburn in childhood and the increased UV exposure among children and adolescents, the College recommends discussion of sun protection during routine preventive check-ups. The College also recommends increasing research be undertaken into the association of UV radiation and malignant melanoma, the relative efficacy of sunscreens in reducing UVA exposure, and possible carcinogenic effects of sunscreen components. Finally, the College supports studies on the effectiveness of community-wide health promotion campaigns and/or effective physician counseling strategies to educate the public about UV radiation.

• See the entire ACPM recommendation at: